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Paganism in Twelfth Century Europe - European beliefs still extant prior to the Northern Crusades by Flavius Claudius Julianus
Paganism in Twelfth Century Europe - European beliefs still extant prior to the Northern Crusades by Flavius Claudius Julianus
A very well done history with sources.
The Northern Crusades Ended Northern Public Paganism by 1225 CE
The Northern Crusades Ended Northern Public Paganism by 1225 CE
(March 30, 2024) Not all Europe was Christian in the twelfth century. The Baltic area populated by the Wendish people, the Pomeranians, Prussians, Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, Lapps and Finns and other communities still had its own distinct religions, beliefs and culture. It was only after the Northern Crusades to eliminate paganism and force Christianity on these people were successful that Europe became entirely Christian during the 14th and 15th centuries. This video discusses the situation prior to, leading up to, during and after the Baltic crusades (alternatively called the Northern Crusades).
A great historical outline by History With Hilbert. The following are some Old Frisian/English/Norse/Germanic place names with Akkadian roots:
- Hearg - "Shrine" from Akkadian ḪaR.Gi meaning "Liver Energizer" (as opposed to astrological energy). Livers were the source of human emotions and hence a source of magical motion powers on earth.
- Aaalburg - "Holy Place" from Akkadian life source god Alu meaning "divine" and Indo-European "berg" meaning place.
- Halo - "holy" from Akkadian life source god Alu
Most rune writing in northern Europe would have been done on perishable wood such as shown photo. This sample is from Beren, Norway. Based on letter styles these date to the coexistence era between Druidry and Christianity (700 to 1200 CE). Photo from: https://www.arild-hauge.com/norway.htm
Timeline of Dutch Paganism As Outlined In Video
Timeline of Dutch Paganism As Outlined In Video
(April 1, 2023)
279 CE - Romans begin retreat from the Rhine delta lands
400 CE - Land mostly depopulated
500 CE - Repopulation by people defined as Anglo-Saxon coming from coastal Denmark, Germany, and possibly Norway. Word "Angle" seems to come from the Akkadian phrase A.NaG meaning "those of the coast."
670 CE - Pagan Frisian kingdom ruled by kings Aldgils and Redbad enters the Christian historical record when they come into conflict with the Christian Frankish kingdom which is trying to expand northwards. This is the beginning of the Northern Christian Pagan War.
719 CE - Death of king Redbad. Franks conquer most of Frisia and start forcible Christian conversions.
754 CE - Death of Saint Boniface after he cut down a Druid sacred oak called Thunar's Oak. This was an oak representing the boundary crossing power of the hermaphrodite deity Thu or more specifically the magical motion "powers of Thu" written as Thunu.
805 CE - Christian conquest complete. Conquerors record of existing law codes in the Lex Frisionum dated to 800 CE.
810 CE - First Viking raids which at first seems to be a continuation of the Pagan/Christian religious war.
920 CE - Christianity victorious
1100 CE - Local monks begin writing in Latin
Old Norse to English Dictionary by Cleasby & Vigfusson
Old Norse to English Dictionary by Cleasby & Vigfusson
Online version of the classic Old Norse / Old Icelandic dictionary by Richard Cleasby & Gudbrand Vigfusson, originally published in 1874. It is the largest Old Norse to English dictionary. Containing over 35,000 entries with English definitions. Online at: https://cleasby-vigfusson-dictionary.vercel.app/
English to Old Norse Dictionary At "The Vikings of Bjornstad"
English to Old Norse Dictionary At "The Vikings of Bjornstad"
https://www.vikingsofbjornstad.com/Old_Norse_Dictionary_E2N.shtm#b
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